Corexit dispersant rains could destroy North America

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Poor Richard
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From The Native American Network Site: http://nativespirits.ning.com

Toxic Oil Spill Rains Warned Could Destroy North America

A dire report prepared for President Medvedev by Russia's Ministry of Natural Resources is warning today that the British Petroleum (BP) oil and gas leak in the Gulf of Mexico is about to become the worst environmental catastrophe in all of human history threatening the entire eastern half of the North American continent with "total destruction".

Russian scientists are basing their apocalyptic destruction assessment due to BP's use of millions of gallons of the chemical dispersal agent known as Corexit 9500 which is being pumped directly into the leak of this wellhead over a mile under the Gulf of Mexico waters and designed, this report says, to keep hidden from the American public the full, and tragic, extent of this leak that is now estimated to be over 2.9 million gallons a day.

The dispersal agent Corexit 9500 is a solvent originally developed by Exxon and now manufactured by the Nalco Holding Company of Naperville, Illinois that is four times more
toxic than oil (oil is toxic at 11 ppm (parts per million), Corexit 9500 at only 2.61ppm).  In a report written by Anita George-Ares and James R. Clark for Exxon Biomedical Sciences, Inc. titled "Acute Aquatic Toxicity of Three Corexit Products: An Overview" Corexit 9500 was found
to be one of the most toxic dispersal agents ever developed. Even worse, according to this report, with higher water temperatures, like those now occurring in the Gulf of Mexico, its toxicity grows.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in discovering BP's use of this dangerous dispersal agent ordered BP to stop using it, but BP refused stating that their only alternative to Corexit 9500 was an even more dangerous dispersal agent known as Sea Brat
4
.

The main differences between Corexit 9500 and Sea Brat 4 lie in how long these dangerous chemicals take to degrade into their constituent organic compounds, which for Corexit 9500 is 28 days.  Sea Brat 4, on the other hand, degrades into an organic chemical called Nonylphenol
that is toxic to aquatic life and can persist in the environment for years.

A greater danger involving Corexit 9500, and as outlined by Russian scientists in this report, is that with its 2.61ppm toxicity level, and when combined with the heating Gulf of Mexico waters, its molecules will be able to "phase transition" from their present liquid to a gaseous state
allowing them to be absorbed into clouds and allowing their release as "toxic rain" upon all of Eastern North America.

Even worse, should a Katrina like tropical hurricane form in the Gulf of Mexico while tens of millions of gallons of Corexit 9500 are sitting on, or near, its surface the resulting "toxic rain" falling upon the North American continent could "theoretically" destroy all microbial life to any depth it reaches resulting in an "unimaginable environmental catastrophe" destroying all life forms from the "bottom of the evolutionary chart to the top".

Note: For molecules of a liquid to evaporate, they must be located near the surface, be moving in the proper direction, and have sufficient kinetic energy to overcome liquid-phase intermolecular forces. Only a small proportion of the molecules meet these criteria, so the rate of evaporation is limited. Since the kinetic energy of a molecule is proportional to its
temperature, evaporation proceeds more quickly at higher temperatures.

As over 50 miles of the US State of Louisiana's coastline has already been destroyed by this spill, American scientists are warning that the damage may be impossible to repair, and as we can read as reported by the Associated Press News Service:

"The gooey oil washing into the maze of marshes along the Gulf Coas...

And to understand the full import of this catastrophe it must be remembered that this disaster is occurring in what is described as the "biologically richest waters in America" with the greatest amount of oil and toxic Corexit 9500 set to come ashore in the coming days and weeks to destroy it completely for decades to come.

Reports are also coming from the United States that their government is secretly preparing to evacuate tens-of-millions of their citizens from their Gulf of Mexico States should the most dire of these scientific warnings start to come true.

To the greatest lesson to be learned by these Americans is that their government-oil industry cabal has been just as destructive to them as their government-banking one, both of which have done more to destroy the United States these past couple of years than any foreign enemy could dare dream was possible.

But to their greatest enemy the Americans need look no further than their nearest mirror as they are the ones who allowed these monsters to rule over them in the first place.

http://www.eutimes.net/2010/05/toxic-oil-spill-rains-warned-could-d...

Reference: http://nativespirits.ning.com/forum/topics/toxic-oil-spill-rains-warned?...

----------------------------------------------

Poor Richard

"The dispersant is the smoking gun"

 

Poor Richard's Almanack 2010

 

Comments

reed9
reed9's picture
The National Academy of

The National Academy of Sciences published a study on oil dispersants in 2005.  Unfortunately, you have to pay to read the whole thing, but the upshot is, this stuff has barely been studies, which almost no studies outside the lab.  To my knowledge, there has not been any significant research into the issue since then.

Here are the key findings

Quote:
Key Findings

 

  1. There is insufficient information to determine how chemically dispersed oil interacts with suspended sediments, both short- and long-term, compared to naturally dispersed oil.
  2. . Their ability to predict the concentrations of dispersed oil and dissolved petroleum hydrocarbons of concern in the water column with sufficient accuracy to aid in real-time spill decisionmaking has yet to be fully determined.
  3. One of the most significant weaknesses in correlating laboratory-scale and meso-scale experiments with conditions in the open ocean results from a lack of understanding of the turbulence regime in all three systems.
  4. Data from field studies (both with and without dispersants) are needed to validate models and provide real-world data to improve knowledge of oil fate and effects.
  5. The mechanisms of both acute and sublethal toxicity from exposure to dispersed oil are not sufficiently understood.
  6. There is insufficient understanding of the actual concentrations and temporal or spatial distributions and behavior of chemically dispersed oil from field settings (from either controlled experiments or actual spills).
  7. Better information is needed to determine the window of opportunity and percent effectiveness of dispersant application for different oil types and environmental conditions.
  8. Two general types of modeling efforts and products should be recognized: (1) output intended to support decisionmaking during preplanning efforts, and (2) output intended to support emergency response to provide rough-cut outputs in hours.
  9. Serious consideration should be given to determining the value and potential role of field testing. The body of work done to date has provided important, but still limited understanding of many aspects of the efficacy of dispersants in the field and the behavior and toxicity of dispersed oil.
  10. There are many important, unanswered questions about how dispersed oil might be consumed by plankton and deposited on the seafloor with fecal matter or otherwise passed through the food chain.
  11. To date, there have been no wave-tank or laboratory studies that can be used reliably to predict the performance of dispersants on water-in-oil emulsions (i.e., mousse) generated from the weathering of oil on the water surface.
  12. Oil trajectory and fate models used by the technical support staff advising on-scene decisionmakers for dispersed oil behavior are not adequate in terms of: (1) their representation of the natural physical process involved, (2) verification of the codes, and (3) validation of the output from these models in an experimental setting or during an actual spill.
  13. The factors controlling rates of the biological and physical processes that determine the ultimate fate of dispersed oil are poorly understood. Of particular concern is the fate of dispersed oil in areas with high suspended solids and areas of low flushing rates.
  14. Research funds in the United States to support oil spill response options in general are extremely limited and declining.

How encouraging that 5 years ago, one of the most respected scientific bodies unequivocally said "Research funds in the United States to support oil spill response options in general are extremely limited and declining."So glad we listed to them, instead of dumping hundreds of thousands of gallons of toxic chemicals into the Gulf with no idea of the long term effects on people or the environment...oh, wait.

That report appears to be somewhat general to the category of oil dispersants.  The Bellona Foundation mentions that Corexit 9500 specifically is associated with, "headaches, vomiting and reproductive problems as sides effects at high doses to clean-up workers. 2-BE has also been documented to cause the breakdown of red blood cells, leading to blood in  urine and feces, and can damage the kidneys, liver, spleen and bone marrow of humans – effects not included on the information sheet for workers."

meljomur
meljomur's picture
The dispersant, Corexit 9500

The dispersant, Corexit 9500 was banned in Britain in 1998.

I have been astounded at how little information has been given about the significant environmental impact to the region regarding the use of these dispersants and from the toxicity of the oil in general.

If I lived anywhere near that region I would have left by now.  I realize its not feasible (or economically possible) for most people to just relocate. But if you knew that your life and your families' lives were in danger, would you stay there?

 

lisaM
Well I had been thinking

Well I had been thinking seriously about moving west, maybe I ought to.

This spill, still ongoing, is unprecedented, and add in the dispersants that BP has thrown into this stew and I think most just can't grasp the damage this will wind up doing -all the way up to something like the Russian report thinks might happen.

Jon Stewart did a brilliant montage of our presidents all the way back to Nixon advocating moving off fossil fuels - and he pointed out that actually the president that got the most done environmentally was Nixon. In the end though most of it has been blah blah with hardly any teeth.

This would be the perfect time for Obama to go hard toward green energy but I don't see it happening. He caved on health care so I don't see him doing anything drastic energy wise. It's a shame, if we did commit  to a big change toward clean energy that would be a lot of jobs too.